FAQ

You can perform the following three types of searches (logical operations) by entering multiple search terms into a single search field or by entering terms into multiple search fields.

When entering multiple search terms into a single search field (Available in both Simple Search and Advanced Search screens)

AND Search

: Searches for materials that satisfy two or more search terms simultaneously.

How to enter: Connect each search term with a " " (space).

Example: To search for materials that contain both "Japan" and "America":

"Japan America"

OR Search

: Searches for materials that satisfy at least one of two or more search terms.

How to enter: Connect each search term with a "+" (plus sign).

Example: To search for materials that contain either "Japan" or "America":

"Japan+America"

NOT Search

: Searches for materials that satisfy a certain condition while excluding those that meet other conditions.

How to enter: Connect each search term with a "^" (caret sign).

Example: To search for materials that contain "Japan" but not "America":

"Japan^America"

When entering search terms into multiple search fields (Available in the Advanced Search screen)

AND Search

: Searches for materials that satisfy two or more search terms simultaneously.

How to enter: Enter search terms into multiple fields and select "AND" from the pull-down menu between the fields.

Example: To search for materials where the title contains "Japan" AND the author name contains "Tokyo":

Title: Japan
Pull-down menu: AND

Author Name: Tokyo

NOT Search

: Among materials that satisfy one condition, this excludes those that satisfy another condition.

How to enter: Enter search terms into multiple fields and select "NOT" from the pull-down menu between the fields.

Example: To search for materials where the title contains "Japan" but the author name does NOT contain "Tokyo":

Title: Japan
Pull-down menu: NOT

Author Name: Tokyo

Primary and Secondary Search Fields

The following are called primary search fields, which can be used to perform a search independently using only their search terms.

• Keyword
• Title
• Author
• Publisher
• Subject
• Review
• Tag
• Classification
• ISBN/ISSN
• NCID
• Bibliographic ID
• Accession Number
• Material ID
• Call Number

The following are called secondary search fields, which cannot be used for a search unless combined with one or more primary search fields. On the search screen, these fields are marked with an asterisk (*) before their names.

• Material Type
• Library
• Publication Year
• Country of Publication Code
• Language Code
• Location
• Material Format
• Department